Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 1 Reading Passage 2 là một bài tập không quá khó nhưng vẫn đủ thử thách để luyện tập cho phần thi IELTS Reading. Để cùng vận dụng hết những từ vựng mà bài có thì hãy cùng ISE giải đề và phân tích đáp án nhé!

1. Phần thi Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 1 Reading Passage 2 là gì?

 1.1. Thông tin bộ sách Cambridge IELTS 18

Cambridge IELTS là một bộ sách được xuất bản bởi Cambridge với mục đích luyện đề thi IELTS và được ra mắt vào tháng 5 hàng năm.

Các đề từ Cambridge IELTS nhìn chung bám khá sát với đề thi thực tế và đã được thí sinh trên toàn thế giới thêm vào danh sách các bộ đề luyện thi IELTS uy tín.

Nội dung sách bao gồm các phần thi của cả 4 kỹ năng trong bài thi IELTS Academic bao gồm: Reading, Listening, Speaking và Writing.

1.2. Tổng quan Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 1 Reading Passage 2

Bài đọc Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 1 Reading Passage 2 nói về những việc bảo vệ rừng tại khi vực Pennsylvania của Hoa Kỳ. Trong bài, tác giả phân loại giá trị của các loại cây và cho biết việc chỉ nhắm đến các loại cây mang lại lợi ích kinh tế đã ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến rừng. Tác giả còn cho biết về những phương pháp cắt cây chuyên biệt cho từng mục đích. Cuối cùng, tác giả lưu ý về việc bảo tồn sự đa dạng trong rừng.

Phần Passage 2 sẽ bao gồm 13 câu hỏi từ câu 14 đến 26 của phần Reading Test 1.

2. Bài đọc Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 1 Reading Passage 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14 – 26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

Forest management in Pennsylvania, USA

How managing low-quality wood (also known as low-use wood) for bioenergy can encourage sustainable forest management

A

(Q15) A tree’s ‘value depends on several factors including its species, size, form, condition, quality, function, and accessibility, and depends on the management goals for a given forest. The same tree can be valued very differently by each person who looks at it. A large, straight black cherry tree has high value as timber to be cut into logs or made into furniture, but for a landowner more interested in wildlife habitat, the real value of that stem (or trunk) may be the food it provides to animals. Likewise, if the tree suffers from black knot disease, its value for timber decreases, but to a woodworker interested in making bowls, it brings an opportunity for a unique and beautiful piece of art.

B

In the past, Pennsylvania landowners were solely interested in the value of their trees ashigh-quality timber. The norm was to remove the stems of highest quality and leave behind poorly formed trees that were not as well suited to the site where they grew. This practice, called ‘high-grading’, has left a legacy of ‘low-use wood’ in the forests. (Q18) Some people even call these ‘junk trees’, and they are abundant in Pennsylvania. (Q14) These trees have lower economic value for traditional timber markets, compete for growth with higher-value trees, shade out desirable regeneration and decrease the health of a stand leaving it more vulnerable to poor weather and disease. Management that specifically targets low-use wood can help landowners manage these forest health issues, and wood energy markets help promote this.

C

Wood energy markets can accept less expensive wood material of lower quality than would be suitable for traditional timber markets. Most wood used for energy in Pennsylvania is used to produce heat or electricity through combustion. Many schools and hospitals use wood boiler systems to heat and power their facilities, many homes are primarily heated with wood, and some coal plants incorporate wood into their coal streams to produce electricity. (Q16) Wood can also be gasified for electrical generation and can even be made into liquid fuels like ethanol and gasoline for lorries and cars. All these products are made primarily from low-use wood. Several tree- and plant-cutting approaches, which could greatly improve the long-term quality of a forest, focus strongly or solely on the use of wood for those markets.

D

One such approach is called a Timber Stand Improvement (TSI) In a TSI Cut, really poor-quality tree and plant material is cut down to allow more space, light, and other resources to the highest-valued stems that remain. Removing invasive plants might be another primary goal of a TSI Cut. The stems that are left behind might then grow in size and develop more foliage and larger crowns or tops that produce more coverage for wildlife; they have a better chance to regenerate in a less crowded environment. TSI Cuts can be tailored to one farmer’s specific management goals for his or her land.

E

Another approach that might yield a high amount of low-use wood is a Salvage (Q17) With the many pests and pathogens visiting forests including hemlock wooly adelgid, Asian longhomed beetle, emerald ash borer, and gypsy moth, to name just a few, it is important to remember that those working in the forests can help ease these issues through cutting procedures. (Q19)These types of cut reduce the number of sick trees and seek to manage the future spread of a pest problem. They leave vigorous trees that have stayed healthy enough to survive the outbreak.

F

A Shelterwood Cut, which only takes place in a mature forest that has already been thinned several times, involves removing all the mature trees when other seedlings have become established. This then allows the forester to decide which tree species are (Q21) It leaves a young forest where all trees are at a similar point in their growth. (Q20) It can also be used to develop a two-tier forest so that there are two harvests and the money that comes in is spread out over a decade or more.

G

(Q22) Thinnings and dense and dead wood removal for fire prevention also center on the production of low-use wood. However, it is important to remember that some retention of what many would classify as low-use wood is very (Q23) The tops of trees that have been cut down should be left on the site so that their nutrients cycle back into the soil. (Q24) In addition, trees with many cavities are extremely important habitats for insect predators like woodpeckers, bats and small mammals. They help control problem insects and increase the health and resilience of the forest. (Q25) It is also important to remember that not all small trees are low-use. For example, many species like hawthorn provide food for wildlife. (Q26) Finally, rare species of trees in a forest should also stay behind as they add to its structural diversity.

Questions 14–17

Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A—G. Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A—G, in boxes 1 – 18 on your answer sheet.

NB      You may use any letter more than once.

14. bad outcomes for a forest when people focus only on its financial reward

15. reference to the aspects of any tree that contribute to its worth

16. mention of the potential use of wood to help run vehicles

17. examples of insects that attack trees

18. an alternative name for trees that produce low-use wood

Questions 18–22

Look at the following purposes (Questions 19—21) and the list of timber cuts below. Match each purpose with the correct timber cut, A, B or C.

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 19—21 on your answer sheet.

NB         You may use any letter more than once.

18. to remove trees that are diseased

19. to generate income across a number of years

20. to create a forest whose trees are close in age

Questions 22-26

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 22—26 on your answer sheet.

22. Some dead wood is removed to avoid the possibility of ………

23. The ……… from the tops of cut trees can help improve soil quality.

24. Some damaged trees should be left, as their ……… provide habitats for a range of creatures.

25. Some trees that are small, such as ……… are a source of food for animals and insects.

26. Any trees that are ……… should be left to grow, as they add to the variety of species in the forest.

3. Đáp án và giải thích chi tiết

3.1. Câu 14 – 18 – Matching Information.

Trong câu 14 – 18, thí sinh cần nắm được thông tin, keywords trong phần thông tin của câu hỏi, sau đó tìm những thông tin đó trong các đoạn của bài đọc, cần để ý kỹ paraphrase, số liệu để không bị nhầm lẫn.

3.2. Câu 22 – 26 – Sentence Completion.

Trong câu 23 – 26, thí sinh cần nắm được đoạn thông tin phù hợp trong bài tóm tắt, cần để ý các keywords trong bài, sau khi đã tìm được đoạn chứa thông tin thì ứng dụng kỹ năng scanning để tìm từ phù hợp.

TỔNG KẾT VỀ CAMBRIDGE IELTS 18 TEST 1 READING PASSAGE 2

Vậy là chúng ta đã cùng nhau đi qua những câu hỏi tuy không quá khó nhưng cũng có thể dễ dàng đánh lừa thí sinh. Bài đọc này được ISE đánh giá là vừa sức với các bạn thi IELTS do chủ đề không quá hàn lâm và từ vựng cũng không quá cao cấp. Vì vậy, việc đạt được điểm tối đa ở bài đọc Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 1 Reading Passage 2 là hoàn toàn có thể nếu bạn có một chiến thuật làm bài hợp lý. Các thí sinh cũng có thể mua sách Cambridge IELTS 18 để tham khảo và tự thực hành các bài tại nhà nhé.

Bạn có thể liên hệ ISE để đăng ký tư vấn lộ trình học IELTS phù hợp tại:

Chi nhánh 1: 02 Nguyễn Huy Lượng, Phường 14, Quận Bình Thạnh, TP.HCM

Chi nhánh 2: 393 Điện Biên Phủ, Phường 4, Quận 3, TP.HCM

Chi Nhánh 3: 15 Hoàng Trọng Mậu, Phường Tân Hưng, quận 7, TP.HCM

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