Cambridge IELTS 16 Test 4 Reading Passage 3 là một bài tập không quá khó nhưng vẫn đủ thử thách để luyện tập cho phần thi IELTS Reading. Để cùng vận dụng hết những từ vựng mà bài có thì hãy cùng ISE giải đề và phân tích đáp án nhé!

 1. Phần thi Cambridge IELTS 16 Test 4 Reading Passage 3 là gì?

1.1. Thông tin bộ sách Cambridge IELTS 16

Cambridge IELTS là một bộ sách được xuất bản bởi Cambridge với mục đích luyện đề thi IELTS và được ra mắt vào tháng 5 hàng năm.

Các đề từ Cambridge IELTS nhìn chung bám khá sát với đề thi thực tế và đã được thí sinh trên toàn thế giới thêm vào danh sách các bộ đề luyện thi IELTS uy tín.

Nội dung sách bao gồm các phần thi của cả 4 kỹ năng trong bài thi IELTS Academic bao gồm: Reading, Listening, Speaking và Writing.

1.2. Tổng quan Cambridge IELTS 16 Test 4 Reading Passage 4

Bài đọc Cambridge IELTS 16 Test 4 Reading Passage 3 có tên là “Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence.” Bài viết cho chúng ta biết được thái độ của con người về AI, lý do tại sao con người không tin vào các quyết định của AI và một số giải pháp có thể áp dụng để nâng cao sự tự tin của người dùng.

Phần Passage 3 sẽ bao gồm 14 câu hỏi từ câu 27 đến 40 của phần Reading Test 3.

2. Bài đọc và đề bài Cambridge IELTS 16 Test 4 Reading Passage 3

READING PASSAGE 3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27—40, which are based on Reading Passage 3.

Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence

A. Artificial intelligence (AI) can already predict the future. Police forces are using it to map when and where crime is likely to occur. Doctors can use it to predict when a patient is most likely to have a heart attack or stroke. Researchers are even trying to give AI imagination so it can plan for unexpected consequences.

(Q 27) Many decisions in our lives require a good forecast, and AI is almost always better at forecasting than we are. (Q 33) Yet for all these technological advances, we still seem to deeply lack confidence in AI predictions. Recent cases show that people don’t like relying on AI and prefer to trust human experts, even if these experts are wrong.

If we want AI to really benefit people, we need to find a way to get people to trust it. To do that, we need to understand why people are so reluctant to trust AI in the first place.

B. Take the case of Watson for Oncology, one of technology giant IBM’s supercomputer programs. Their attempt to promote this program to cancer doctors was a PR disaster. The AI promised to deliver top-quality recommendations on the treatment of 12 cancers that accounted for 80% of the world’s cases. But when doctors first interacted with Watson, they found themselves in a rather difficult situation. On the one hand if Watson provided guidance about a treatment that coincided with their own opinions, physicians did not see much point in Watson’s recommendations. The supercomputer was simply telling them what they already knew, and these recommendations did not change the actual treatment.

On the other hand, if Watson generated a recommendation that contradicted the experts’ opinion, doctors would typically conclude that Watson wasn’t competent. And the machine wouldn’t be able to explain why its treatment was plausible because its machine-learning algorithms were simply too complex to be fully understood by humans. (Q 28) Consequently, this has caused even more suspicion and disbelief, leading many doctors to ignore the seemingly outlandish AI recommendations and stick to their own expertise.

C. (Q 29) This is just one example of people’s lack of confidence in AI and their reluctance to accept what AI has to Trust in other people is often based on our understanding of how others think and having experience of their reliability. This helps create a psychological feeling of safety. AI, on the other hand is still fairly new and unfamiliar to most people. Even if it can be technically explained (and that’s not always the case), AI’s decision-making process is usually too difficult for most people to comprehend. (Q 34) And interacting with something we don’t understand can cause anxiety and give us a sense that we’re lost control.

Many people are also simply not familiar with many instances of AI actually working, because it often happens in the background. Instead they are acutely aware of instances where AI goes wrong. (Q 35) Embarrassing AI failures receive a disproportionate amount of media attention, emphasizing the message that we cannot rely on technology. Machine learning is not foolproof, in part because the humans who design it aren’t.

D. Feelings about AI run In a recent experiment, people from a range of backgrounds were given various sci-fi films about Al to watch and then asked questions about automation in everyday life. (Q 30 + 36) It was found that, regardless of whether the Um they watched depicted AI in a positive or negative light, simply watching a cinematic vision of our technological future polarized the participants’ attitudes. Optimists became more extreme in their enthusiasm for AI and sceptics became even more guarded.

This suggests people use relevant evidence about AI in a biased manner to support their existing attitudes, a deep-rooted human tendency known as “confirmation bias”. As AI is represented more and more in media and entertainment, it could lead to a society split between those who benefit from AI and those who reject it. (Q 38) More pertinently, refusing to accept the advantages offered by AI could place a large group of people at a serious disadvantage.

E. (Q 31) Fortunately, we already have some ideas about how to improve trust in AI. Simply having previous experience with AI can significantly improve people’s opinions about the technology, as was found in the study mentioned above. (Q 39) Evidence also suggests the more you use other technologies such as the internet, the more you trust them.

Another solution may be to reveal more about the algorithms Which Al uses and the purposes they serve. Several high-profile social media companies and online marketplaces already release transparency reports about government requests and surveillance disclosures. A similar practice for AI could help people have a better understanding of the way algorithmic decisions are made.

F. (Q 32 + 40) Research suggests that allowing people some control over AI decision-making could also improve trust and enable AI to learn from human experience. For example, one study showed that when people were allowed the freedom to slightly modify an algorithm, they felt more satisfied with its decisions, more likely to believe it was superior and more likely to use it in the future.

We don’t need to understand the intricate inner workings of AI systems, but if people are given a degree of responsibility for how they are implemented they will be more willing to accept AI into their lives.

Questions 27—32

Reading Passage 3 has six sections, A—F.

Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-viii, in boxes 27—32 or your answer sheet.

27. Section A

28. Section B

29. Section C

30. Section D

31. Section E

32. Section F

Questions 33—35 

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write the correct letter in boxes 33—35 on your answer sheet.

33. What is the writer doing in Section A?

1. providing a solution to a concern
2. justifying an opinion about an issue
3. highlighting the existence of a problem
4. explaining the reasons for a phenomenon

34. According to Section C, why might some people be reluctant to accept AI?

1. They are afraid it will replace humans in decision-making jobs.
2. Its complexity makes them feel that they are at a disadvantage.
3. They would rather wait for the technology to be tested over a period of time.
4. Misunderstandings about how it works make it seem more challenging than it is.

35. What does the writer say about the media in Section C of the text?

1. It leads the public to be mistrustful of AI.
2. It devotes an excessive amount of attention to Al.
3. Its reports of incidents involving AI are often inaccurate.
4. It gives the impression that Al failures are due to designer error.

Questions 36—40

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 36—40 on your answer sheet, write

YES              if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO                if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN  if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

36. Subjective depictions of AI in sci-fi films make people change their opinions about

37. Portrayals of AI in media and entertainment are likely to become more positive.

38. Rejection of the possibilities of AI may have a negative effect on many people’s

39. Familiarity with AI has very little impact on people’s attitudes to the

40. AI applications which users are able to modify are more likely to gain consumer

3. Đáp án và giải thích chi tiết

3.1 Câu 27 – 32 – Matching Headings.

Trong phần câu 27 – 32, bài thi yêu cầu thí sinh cần hiểu được đại ý trong các câu hỏi để đưa ra được lựa chọn đúng, thí sinh cần nắm rõ keywords và đại ý của đoạn. Chúng ta có thể dùng kỹ năng Skimming để dễ dàng rút được ý chính của đoạn.

3.2. Câu 33 – 35 – Multiple Choice

Trong phần câu 33 – 35, bài thi yêu cầu thí sinh cần hiểu được đoạn tóm tắt, và đặc biệt phải nắm được từ đồng nghĩa và paraphrase để có thể lựa chọn từ phù hợp.

3.3. Câu 36 – 40 – YES / NO / NOT GIVEN

Trong phần câu 36 – 40, bài thi yêu cầu thí sinh cần hiểu được đoạn tóm tắt, và đặc biệt phải nắm được từ đồng nghĩa và paraphrase để có thể lựa chọn đáp án thích hợp, và chú ý về nhận định của tác giả, tránh suy nghĩ theo ý kiến riêng của bản thân.

TỔNG KẾT VỀ CAMBRIDGE IELTS 16 TEST 4 READING PASSAGE 3

Vậy là chúng ta đã cùng nhau đi qua những câu hỏi tuy không quá khó nhưng cũng có thể dễ dàng đánh lừa thí sinh. Bài đọc này được ISE đánh giá là vừa sức với các bạn thi IELTS do chủ đề không quá hàn lâm và từ vựng cũng không quá cao cấp. Vì vậy, việc đạt được điểm tối đa ở bài đọc Cambridge IELTS 16 Test 4 Reading Passage 3 là hoàn toàn có thể nếu bạn có một chiến thuật làm bài hợp lý. Các thí sinh cũng có thể mua sách Cambridge IELTS 16 để tham khảo và tự thực hành các bài tại nhà nhé.

Bạn có thể liên hệ ISE để đăng ký tư vấn lộ trình học IELTS phù hợp tại:

Chi nhánh 1: 02 Nguyễn Huy Lượng, Phường 14, Quận Bình Thạnh, TP.HCM

Chi nhánh 2: 393 Điện Biên Phủ, Phường 4, Quận 3, TP.HCM

Chi Nhánh 3: 15 Hoàng Trọng Mậu, Phường Tân Hưng, quận 7, TP.HCM

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